All SLR cameras and now, many point and shoot cameras allow you to control shutter (now even some phones have this control!).<\/p>\n There are generally two modes in which you can set the shutter speed, these are\u00a0“Manual Mode”\u00a0<\/strong>and\u00a0“Shutter Priority Mode”<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Shutter Priority Mode<\/strong> will allow you to set a shutter speed, and the camera will automatically adjust aperture values (explained below) to keep the exposure correct.<\/p>\n Manual Mode<\/strong>\u00a0gives you full control over both shutter speed and aperture. As will become clear, to get exposure correct, you must balance these two options.<\/p>\n The aperture is a ring which can be opened or closed to allow or restrict light and its path into the camera.<\/p>\n A\u00a0wide<\/span> aperture is denoted by a smaller number<\/span>\u00a0which lets in more light<\/span> while a tight<\/span> aperture is denoted by larger numbers and<\/span> lets in less light<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n Below are a series of images shot at various apertures. Now the light in the image hasn’t changed, but thats only because the camera was set to “aperture priority mode” and has automatically varied the shutter speed to compensate for the light lost with the aperture.<\/p>\n Also take note of the Depth of Field changes in the images below, this is further explained in the “Creative Effects” section below.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n All SLR cameras and now, many point and shoot cameras allow you to control aperture.<\/p>\n There are generally two modes in which you can set the aperture, these are\u00a0“Manual Mode”\u00a0<\/strong>and\u00a0“Aperture Priority Mode”<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Aperture Priority Mode <\/strong>(Used \u00a0in the example images above)\u00a0will allow you to set an aperture value and the camera will automatically adjust shutter speed values to keep the exposure correct.<\/p>\n Manual Mode<\/strong>\u00a0gives you full control over both shutter speed and aperture.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n First lets understand the term “Depth of Field”. This is used to describe how much ahead and behind of your focus point is still acceptably sharp or “in focus”.<\/p>\n So if we say a “shallow depth of field” we mean that there is very little ahead or behind our focus point (or subject) which is in focus. This is usually seen in images as a nice blurry background which people usually associate with “professional” photos.<\/p>\n A Larger or\u00a0Wider<\/strong> <\/span>aperture will reduce your depth of field<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>whilst a Smaller aperture <\/strong>will <\/span> increase your depth of field <\/strong>bringing more into focus<\/span>.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Here is an example of a shot taken in London of a friend with a Wide Aperture (f.1.8),\u00a0<\/strong>take a look at the background and how small points of light become big soft circles. The wide aperture also allows me to draw in lots of light in this otherwise fairly dark scene.<\/p>\n Photographs used to be recorded onto film, which was essentially a chemically coated light sensitive strip. The sensitivity of this strip was determined by the film manufacturers and measured in units called ISO (or ASA) which was just an international standardisation. The entire roll of film would be \u00a0the same sensitivity so once loaded into the camera this couldn’t be changed.<\/p>\n With digital cameras this light sensitive film has been replaced with a light detecting block usually referred to as the “sensor”. Unlike the film days we can change the sensitivity of the block as we wish.<\/p>\n The Higher the ISO<\/strong><\/span> the\u00a0More Light\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>is captured, BUT this also leads to a\u00a0More Noisy Image<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n In the example image above shot at ISO 1600 the noise becomes evident, in A you can see random colour squares appearing out of place. In B you can see how an otherwise smooth gradient looks blocky and dirty rather than clean. This is off a modern and high quality camera. Its unlikely an entry level camera will be this clean at ISO 1600.<\/p>\n It is therefore always advisable to keep ISO as low as you can, but make sure you don’t compromise on the other settings either! Never allow yourself to miss a shot because you did not want to push the ISO up. Also worth noting, if you do find yourself needing to use very high ISO, the grain it produces tends to look fantastic when images are converted to black and white!<\/p>\n![\"shutter_speed\"](\"http:\/\/islou.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/shutter_speed.png\")
<\/a><\/p>\nOn my camera ?<\/h2>\n
<\/a>Creative (side) Effects<\/h2>\n
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\nAperture<\/h1>\n
<\/a><\/p>\nOn my camera ?<\/h2>\n
<\/a>Creative (side) Effects<\/h2>\n
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\nISO<\/h1>\n
<\/a>Lecture Printout<\/h1>\n